Code of Professional Conduct for Lawyers in Australia

Question: Talk about the Code of Professional Conduct for Lawyers in Australia. Answer: Presentation The report targets contriving a progression of inquiries addresses which could help in understanding the effect of the moral and expert conduct on the lawful condition. The report additionally requires to lead exploration of the expert body and the legal counselors in Australia The report would help in understanding the issues related with the legitimate viewpoints in the nation. The fundamental point is to see how they oversee and police their codes so as to destroy the issues. The meeting is to be directed based on the inquiries being defined. The conduction of meeting would help in getting valuable and significant data identified with the expert direct in the lawful calling as followed by the expert bodies and attorneys in Australia. Report on the exploration for the expert body Presentation Law Council of Australia is an expert body that controls and oversees the expert set of principles and rules for the Australian lawful calling, which is required to be followed in the law social orders and bar relationship of the states and regions across Australia (Curran et al, 2014). The report targets concocting a progression of inquiries addresses which could help in understanding the effect of the moral and expert conduct on the lawful condition. The eye to eye meet is led on the individuals from the body. The report requires to direct research of the Law Council of Australia identified with the law division in Australia. This exploration would help in understanding the issues related with the legitimate perspectives in the nation. The principle point is to see how they oversee and police their codes so as to kill the issues. The meeting is to be directed based on the inquiries being planned so as to get the valuable and applicable data identified with the morals in the calling as followed by the expert body in Australia. Inquiries questions 1: What are the issues looked by the body while working in the nursing division? The Law Council of Australia needs to continually manage the circumstances that bargain the principles and guidelines in the law segment (Harris Hargovan, 2016). The administrative body likewise needs to determine the lawful isssues so as to protect the commitments and moral standards. Besides, the body additionally needs to manage the activities to be followed in the law part and check if the expert lead is actualized in each state and domain across Australia. The different issues which the chamber needs to fathom is the repercussions of the powerlessness of the legal advisors to determine the issues of their individual customers, serious cases, debate in the equity, and legitimate issues related toi the formal and casual administration of circumstances. 2: How would you oversee and police their code? Law Council of Australia helps in building up a solitary and uniform arrangement of rules which each state and domain in Australia need to follow (Campbell Lindsay, 2014). These arrangement of rules administers the moral and proifessional direct of the legal counselors rehearsing all over Australia. The guidelines are first discharged as meeting drafts which the board cautiously considers and settles on executing the equivalent in broad daylight. The most well-known lawful issues requiring lawful assent are the extortion or trickery cases, carelessness in the piece of people, medication or liquor misuse, conviction of a criminal offense and harsh conduct. 3: How would they speak with the individuals? The Law Council of Australia contains the association structure that is followed in the law calling. The board involves councils who are answerable for building up the guidelines and guidelines identified with the law part. These arrangement of rules oversees the moral and proifessional lead of the attorneys rehearsing all over Australia. The standards are first discharged as interview drafts which the board cautiously considers with the assistance of Professional Ethics Committee (Zander, 2015). The endorsement of the guidelines are then affirmed by the State Government for the state and domains in Australi to follow. 4: Legal consequences if the code is penetrated? The Law Council of Australia is liable for making the Administrative disciplinary activities for the everyday citizens including legal advisors who don't appropriately follow morals in the workplace. This dishonest direct may prompt ensnare exacting activities under the Administrative law activities (Curran et al., 2014). On the off chance that the board forces a discipline on the legal advisors, the disciplinary moves to be made can be at least one of the accompanying: Suspension of the permit of the legal advisors Repudiation of the permit Censure letter to be distributed in the reports of the board Counsel letter in the record of the attorneys Fine burden Probation for proceeding with the training End The report bargains in directing exploration of the expert body identified with the law part in Australia so as to comprehend the issues identified with the calling in the nation. The administrative bodies including Law Council of Australia are repsonsible for involving the principles and guidelines in the nation with the end goal that to keep up the measures of the law practice. The meeting is to be directed based on the inquiries being planned so as to get the helpful and important data identified with the morals in the calling as adhered to by the legal advisors and law overseeing bodies in Australia. Report for the meeting with an expert Presentation Legal counselors are the experts who are liable for directing the expert morals and keeping up gauges identified with the law division, inside the workplace and by and by (Heineman et al, 2014). The fundamental goal of the report is to devise a progression of inquiries so as to see how the morals and expert conduct impacts on the genuine work life condition of the legal advisors in Australia. The meeting is led on the attorneys eye to eye. The report additionally requires directing exploration of the nursing part in Australia so as to comprehend the issues that the legal counselors need to look in the nation. The fundamental point is to see how they deal with their codes so as to annihilate the issues. The meeting is to be led based on the inquiries being figured so as to get the helpful and significant data identified with the morals in the calling as followed by the legal counselors in Australia. Inquiries questions 1: How mindful would you say you are of the codes as represented by your expert bodies? The legal advisors know about the way that their set of accepted rules in the training is liable for building and keeping up open trust in the calling. The legal advisors are experts and know about the endeavor traits that are inside their extent of training. This mindfulness help the legal advisors to pick up information about the morals and expert set of accepted rules help them in keeping up the measures of their calling with the end goal that to bring credit upon the notoriety of the equivalent over the long haul (Freedman, 2012). 2: What is the impact of the codes on their conduct? The effect of the expert implicit rules in the conduct of the attorneys is to such an extent that they keep up skill inside their cooperation in the calling. This support of fitness inside their calling causes them in keeping up and redesigning their abilities and information applicable to the training in the expert settings (Pepper, 2015). 3: What can the outcomes in their vocation on the off chance that you penetrate either your expert bodys code or the associations code/s? The Law Council of Australia is liable for making the Administrative disciplinary activities for the legal counselors which if not appropriately followed in the workplace may prompt embroil exacting activities under the Administrative law activities (Curran et al., 2014). The legal counselors know about the way that they being exposed to the accompanying ramifications in the event that they are found to penetrate certain standards or code of morals: The legal advisors are subject to be suspended and their licenses to be evocated Fine could be forced on them They could be ended from directing the training later on End The report bargains in directing examination on the practices identified with the law division in Australia so as to comprehend the issues identified with the attorneys in the nation. The report targets seeing how they oversee and follow the expert codes so as to destroy the issues. There are sure lawful viewpoints and gauges which the legal counselors ought to know about with the end goal that to offer standard types of assistance later on. The meeting is to be led based on the inquiries being figured so as to get the valuable and applicable data identified with the morals in the calling as followed by the legal counselors in Australia. Reflections on the likenesses and contrasts in desires Likenesses From the examination of the meeting being directed on the expert body and the individual legal counselors working in the segment, it very well may be apparent that code of expert lead and morals is the significant connection between both the gatherings which the gatherings submit to, while working in the workplace. There are sure guidelines which both the gatherings need to actualize so as to get quality results of the law calling. Both the gatherings give same adherence to the codes and lead that is required to be kept up in the workplace. In addition, the support of fitness remembers the cooperation for the instruction identified with the progressing calling to such an extent that to keep up and update suitable abilities and information related with the law rehearses. Additionally, they are likewise mindful of the endeavor exercises, extent of training, information, competency, and legal power identified with the current prac

Engineering wheat (Triticum aestivum) Essays

Designing wheat (Triticum aestivum) Essays Designing wheat (Triticum aestivum) Essay Designing wheat (Triticum aestivum) Essay Portray how you would put the wheat asparagine synthetase cistrons dependent on homology to cistrons from different species, clone the integral DNA and affirm cistron map. I would first acquire the groupings for the Arabidopsis thaliana and rice ( Oryza sativa ) asparagine synthetase ( AS ) cistrons from Pubmed, and contrast this with the wheat genome arrangement using BLAST on the web. This can be seen for the wheat AS cistrons: TaASN1 and TaASN2 and putative homologues have been depicted on Homologene on the Pubmed ( NCBI ) site. Homologues incorporate the ASN2 A ; 3 cistrons in A.thaliana and the hypothetical Os06g0265000 cistron in Oryza sativa. A study performed by Wang H et Al to protect the wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) TaASN1 and TaASN2 cistrons, contrasted them for homology with AS cistrons of different creatures, they found that the glutamine restricting destinations and Class-II glutamine amidotransferase ( Glutaminase ) circle were rationed. Thus we could design groundworks from the pieces of homology preserved in AS cistrons, cognizing that there is a decent open door they will be fruitful for use in cloning the correlative DNA of the wheat AS cistrons. Genomic DNA could be extricated from wheat by homogenizing wheat tissue, as portrayed by M A ; oslash ; ller et Al in which they did this for the liliopsid, grain. The strategy involved homogenizing works tissue by puting around 200 A ; small scale ; g into a 2.2-ml plastic tubing with two round and hollow dabs, quit deading it in fluid N and crunching the tissue into a pounding by vortexing at high speeds. Resulting centrifugation and washing stairss would let the extraction of genomic wheat Deoxyribonucleic corrosive. Utilizing the groundworks planned from the homologous pieces of AS cistrons, we could so amplify a piece of Deoxyribonucleic corrosive from this cistron by means of PCR to acquire a more extended part of genomic DNA to design better preliminaries. The new groundworks can be utilized with flag-bearer RNA extricated from wheat grain in the technique of opposite composed content PCR ( RT-PCR ) . This would deliver cloned wheat integral DNA at the AS cistrons TaASN1 and TaASN2. I could so infix the integral DNA into a cloning vector, which contains the N-terminal piece of the LacZ operon, leting testing cells when the vector is changed. To certify cistron map, I would change the integral DNA vector consolidating the TaASN1 A ; 2 cistrons into E.coli, to do a corresponding DNA library. The E.coli that I use will be thump outs for endogenous E.coli Asparagine Synthetase cistrons. They will other than miss the N-terminal part of the LacZ operon, like the M15 transformation of E.coli. E.coli, changed effectively by means of electroporation, will fuse a vector which has the N-terminal part of the LacZ operon, and the TaASN1 A ; 2 cistrons. E.coli would so be plated onto agarose command posts with media fusing: X-Gal, IPTG ( a needless inducer of the Lac operon ) and glutamate, yet no asparagine. E.coli changed effectively will have the option to blend asparagines from glutatmate using the TaASN1 A ; 2 cistrons on the vector, by the by untransformed cells will perish because of miss of asparagine. To farther ensure that cells have been changed effectively, the enduring cell settlements ought to be shaded pale blue. The vector, fusing the losing bit of the Lac operon, will let the changed cells to change over the dry X-Gal into a blue hued substance. Consequently pale blue settlements that endure will be effectively changed, furthermore affirm that the wheat AS cistron s ( TaASN1 A ; 2 ) map is to combine asparagines from glutamate. The T-DNA idea found in Figure 1 is intended to quiet the TaASN1 A ; 2 cistrons in wheat grain. The Glu-1D-1 promoter has been demonstrated to be amazingly endosperm specific to wheat grain by Lamacchia et Al and would along these lines be perfect in pick in which to show the quieting idea in this analysis. This is on the grounds that the T-DNA will simply be deciphered in wheat grain cells which can recognize this promoter and interpret Deoxyribonucleic corrosive after it. The quieting idea, appeared as: ( AS2i, AS1i, I, AS1, AS2 ) , comprises if the TaASN1 cistron and the TaASN2 cistron embedded as a topsy turvy redundancy on either side of an intronic spacer succession ( I ) . The following idea, when translated explicitly in wheat grain cells, will deliver barrette envoy RNA, due to the intronic spacer. The barrette delegate RNA, which is dsRNA, will be perceived by the Dicer-RDE composite, which severs the errand person RNA into short pieces of 21-23bp long. These parts are alluded to as short meddling RNA ( siRNA ) and are perceived by the RNAi quieting composite ( RISC ) , which ties to them and relocates to mRNA with correlative arrangement. By sticking to and pointing the integral emissary RNA for corruption the cistron look of the TaASN1 A ; 2 cistrons will be repressed, in light of the fact that a large portion of the detachment RNA deciphered from those cistrons will be debased. Accordingly this idea is organized to deliver the strong hushing of the TaASN1 A ; 2 cistrons. After the hushing idea, there is a lapse arrangement which will hold composed content, guaranting precise composed content of the clip courier RNA. The Ubi1 sponsor is the corn ubiquitin promoter and noncoding DNA, which will deliver look of a cistron downstream to it pervasively all through the wheat works. The cistron downstream of Ubi1 is appeared as K res in Figure 1. It is a Kanamycin resistance cistron and is remembered for the T-DNA idea for utilization as a selectable marker to test for effectively changed hosts. There is another termination arrangement in the T-DNA, 3 A ; chief ; to the K res cistron, to ensure that just the K RESs cistron is pervasively translated in wheat. The T-DNA idea will be embedded into a vector as appeared in Figure 2. It contains an Ampicillin restriction cistron, and beginnings of proliferation ( ORI ) that will give plasmid propagation access both E.coli and A.tumefaciens. The vector will be is changed into incapacitated Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which have been altered to fuse an assistant plasmid furthermore will hold had their Tumor-actuating plasmid expelled. This associate plasmid will join the vir cistrons required to reassign T-DNA into the works and fuse it into the works genome. The vir cistrons perceive the left and right limit line redundancies, strike the T-DNA, reassign it into the works karyon, and intergrate it into the works s nuclear Deoxyribonucleic corrosive. Accordingly with this strategy the T-DNA idea will fuse into cells of the wheat works, by and by the quieting idea will just be interpreted in the wheat grain cells, as the Glu-1D-1 promoter is only dynamic in these cells. Thus the vibe of the TaASN1 A ; 2 cistrons will restrained and the asparagine substance of wheat ought to be diminished. Portray how you would change the idea into wheat and confine transgenic wheat workss. To change the idea into wheat I have chosen to use an Agrobacterium tumefaciens parallel vector strategy for wheat transmutation. I decided to use this strategy over Bioloistics, in light of the fact that the announced transmutation frequence ( TF ) using Agrobacterium is accounted for to be higher than that of Biolostics. Jones HD other than revealed that using youthful blossomings as a wheat explant pick has demonstrated great T-DNA look from Agrobacterium intervened transmutation. Thus I would change youthful blossomings from wheat, with my idea planned in Q2, using and Agrobacterium interceded strategy for transmutation. I would change the vector into E.coli by means of electroporation, to amplify the idea, deciding for fruitful transformants using ampicillin restriction presented by the vector. I would protect the vector from the E.coli after elaboration, and change the vector into Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The Agrobacterium will as of now hold been changed with an associate plasmid, which contains the Vir cistrons, which will let the transportation of T-DNA into the wheat. I would so submerse hurt youthful blossomings into a suspension of the changed A. tumefaciens. The workss would so be put onto agarose human advancement medium, joining Kantrex for decision of T-DNA fusing changed workss. Kanamycin will murder any workss which do non join the vector, and the A. tumefaciens will expire because of miss of opines for nourishments. The media will other than fuse the works endocrines auxin and cytokinin to energize root and shoot developing severally, and welcome on callus arrangement. Consequently just changed workss will sort out a callosity, which can be recover in agar to arrange plantlets thus developed in earth to go to the adult wheat works. Depict how you would investigate the transgenic workss to demonstrate for a nexus between look of the asparagine synthetase cistrons and acrylamide development. First I would break down the wheat grain using RT-PCR to discover the impacts of the cistron quieting. I would homogenize both transgenic wheat grain and control wheat grain ( with a spurious vector consolidating no T-DNA ) and pull out the errand person RNA. Utilizing the preliminaries planned in partition 1 I would so amplify the dispatcher RNA delivered by the TaASN1 A ; 2 cistrons. By running the stocks on an agarose gel, the similar look and action of the cistrons can be estimated and analyzed using the near qualities of the sets in the gel. Changed wheat grain should hold less flag-bearer RNAs delivered from the TaASN1 A ; 2 cistrons because of their concealment sort out the hushing idea. I would other than break down the transgenic wheat grain and toast produced using t

Are We Progressing? Essay

Are we truly advancing ? India lamentably is deficient with regards to pioneers. In the past we had genuine saints the individuals who battled magnanimously for our opportunity and yielded their lives. Presently a days ‘leaders’ are supplanted by negotiators and lawmakers , who are not really worried about the turn of events or progress of our nation ? They are not in the slightest degree pestered by the complaints of basic man. 40 percent populace is living beneath destitution line yet the rich are getting more extravagant. The thing that matters is developing among rich and the poor with an extraordinary speed. They have tall cases that India has built up a great deal yet in all actuality we have lost our grasp on numerous noteworthy fronts? With this kind of incapable initiative India will turn into dead end. We Indians duplicate the Western culture on senseless checks like design , receptiveness and homosexuality however tragically we don't follow the British method for handling the horrendous wreckage . The news coverage their is commendable. They don't stop for a second or dread in reprimanding, uncovering or taking names of their legislators. Their endeavors are resolved and fastidious as opposed to our media where they are hesitant to address or uncover their associates , as it occurred in Radia’s case. Most exceedingly terrible part is the point at which our media sets out to scrutinize the PM , he is either inaccessible or secured by his guides, not at all like Cameron who made himself accessible to confront all the analysis in west . Dominant part of nations are survivor of psychological warfare yet the childish lawmakers of India have built up the propensity for comforting themselves and tricking the general parcel by saying †â€Å"Spirit of Mumbai† . Rest of the world have taken in their exercises from fear assault and have improved their lawfulness aside from India where our pioneers have aced the specialty of making tall cases and feeling for the casualties for a concise period. Mumbaikars are living in dread of bomb assaults for recent decades however our legislature appears to be hesitant to take any successful measure. There is no improvement in the offices at a grass root level even . The current political discord and institutional mentality don't move certainty. Indian media needs to quit sensationalizing everything and should cover issues with genuineness and due industriousness . It ought to be a solid debasement free crusader against unfairness. India isn't staying up with its improvement needs? We have to delink legislative issues from change forms and improve our administrative structure to arrive at our worldwide authority objectives. We should not tie ourselves with partners which unfavorably influences our self-sufficiency. We should be increasingly vital in creating relationship with neighboring nations. Government needs to give ‘infrastructure’ status on all fronts ? Mind channel ought to be checked and measures ought to be taken for switch cerebrum channel . We have to investigate the explanations behind individuals hesitant to serve their own nation . The absence of advancement and quality innovative work is putting our nation at lower diagram. Development in occupations are required . There ought to be significant development in all circles , be it wellbeing , training , science or security . Our items are not having any exceptional effect in worldwide market . For our nation to advance we have to have insightful pioneers who don't overlook the requests of one billion populace and resound well with the basic parcel.

Women in business advantages, challenges, and opportunities

Written by Katie Reynolds, a Hult contributing blogger. With an increasing number of well-known organizations like IBM, General Motors, and MondelÄ“z International appointing female CEOs, the trend towards women in leadership positions seems to be on the rise. In fact, there are more women running Fortune 500 businesses today than at any point in the 63-year history of the Fortune 500. However, when put in context, that’s still only 6.4% of these leading companies. And with recent high-profile stories revealing the BBC’s gender pay gap and tales of female entrepreneurs citing an imaginary male co-founder for credibility, it’s clear women’s inequality is still a big business problem. We recently hosted a webinar with a panel of business women at different stages in their careers to discuss these issues. To hear their advice and learn from their own personal stories about combating gender stereotypes and championing the cause of women in the workplace, you can watch the webinar below. Or read on for an overview of the advantages, challenges, and opportunities for women in business in 2017. Our webinar panel consisted of Tessa Misiaszek, Associate Dean at Hult and professor of international marketing and entrepreneurship on our Boston campus. Tessa comes to us with an incredible wealth of business experience, having served as the CEO of Empathetics, run a number of start-ups, and worked as a consultant for Korn/Ferry International. She was joined by current Hult student, Rosey Singh, who has worked in the banking industry for 10 years and is the current president and co-founder of the Gender Equality in Leadership Club on the San Francisco campus. Justine Stacey, an alumna of our MBA program, also joined. Before earning her MBA, Justine spent several years working as an advocate for women’s health and empowerment around the world as VP for Girl’s Globe. Now, Justine is a marketing strategy manager for a leading financial company. Advantages of women in business A diverse workforce is an innovative workforce Diversity—from gender diversity to culture, age, and race—has been shown to foster creativity and innovation. From PricewaterhouseCooper, to Disney and L’Oreal, organizations across industries are seeking to prioritize and benefit from a diverse and inclusive work environment. Men and women will inevitably have different experiences and backgrounds, which shape their approach to business. Challenging each other and collaborating with people who think differently can breed creativity and promote the innovative ideas that push organizations forward. â€Å"Even with the very best of intentions, we have a tendency to gravitate towards people who are like us. It takes a real leader to say ‘I need someone to challenge me.’ That challenge can spawn new creativity, innovation, and growth.† Tessa Misiaszek,  Associate Dean, Hult International Business School Women excel at the soft skills needed for business leadership While technical skill and knowledge are fundamental to career success, CEOs consistently cite soft skills as the most desirable professional attributes. Although characteristics like effective communication, empathy, and self-awareness are difficult to measure, they are highly valued and can make a real difference to the bottom line. Recent research has drawn a connection between strength of character and business performance—with CEOs who rank highly for attributes like compassion and integrity also enjoying a 9.35% return on assets over a two-year period. Soft skills and emotional intelligence may prove a key competitive advantage for women in business. A 2016 study published by the global consulting firm Hay Group found that women outperform men in 11 of 12 key emotional intelligence competencies. These competencies included emotional self-awareness, empathy, conflict management, adaptability, and teamwork—all essential skills for effective leadership in the workplace Women represent huge economic power and offer important consumer insight It’s been estimated that women contribute in excess of $20 trillion in consumer spending every year, representing a bigger growth market than China and India combined. Women also account for 85% of consumer purchases. Despite this, only 11% of creative directors in advertising are women—up from just 3% in 2008. When Boston Consulting Group did a comprehensive study of the â€Å"female economy† it’s unsurprising that they found women feel undervalued and underserved by the marketplace. With the power of the female consumer in mind, it’s evident that women are best placed to tap into that opportunity and bring valuable consumer insight to the table. Tapping into the insight both men and women offer can make products and services more marketable and a business more profitable. In fact, recent research from McKinsey shows that gender-diverse businesses are 15% more likely to outperform financially above the industry median.   Challenges for women in business Women are still underrepresented in key fields While a number of industries are showing trends of a growing female workforce, sectors like finance, engineering, and tech still tend to be strongly male-dominated. In STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) industries overall, women make up just 24% of the workforce in the U.S. and less than 15% in the U.K. Women’s under representation could be down to the continued stereotype that an interest in â€Å"hard science† is unfeminine. But with STEM occupations projected to be among the fastest growing and best paid, it’s important that women feel empowered to gain the skills and embrace the opportunities afforded by a career in science, tech, and related fields. Organizations like the National Girls Collaborative Project and Girls Who Code are working to inspire women to pursue computer sciences and engineering and close the gender gap in STEM industries. Gender bias in the workplace While most executives agree that the best person—regardless of gender—should get the job, the stories of women finding more success with a male or gender-neutral name on their CV demonstrates that unconscious bias still exists. The women who are in or want to position themselves for leadership roles often feel they come under particular scrutiny. Where men may be encouraged to be ambitious or assertive, women are programed from a young age not to be â€Å"bossy†. Underlying gender bias means the same behavior and characteristics—initiative, passion, and taking charge—can be interpreted differently in men and women in the workplace. Women are less successful when it comes to salary negotiation Women’s own reluctance ask for higher pay is often cited as a factor behind the gender pay gap. When Glassdoor did a recent survey on salary negotiation, it found that 68% of women accepted the salary they were offered, while nearly half of the men surveyed negotiated before accepting a role. It also revealed that when women did try to negotiate their starting salary, the outcome was generally less favorable. Challenging the notion that women don’t ask for raises, a 2016 study from Cass Business School, the University of Warwick, and the University of Wisconsin, found that women are equally as likely as men to ask for a wage increase. But they’re also 25% less likely to get one. It’s almost an accepted truth that men have a better sense of self-belief when positioning themselves for leadership roles or negotiating pay. Even highly successful women suffer from â€Å"imposter syndrome†, feeling inadequate and underestimating their worth. Women believing in their own value and demanding a salary that reflects it is an important step in closing the wage gap, while greater pay transparency can also help to level the playing field. â€Å"Start the process today of understanding that, really, nothing is off limits for you. You can learn any skill. You can speak to anyone. Everything is within your ability. Nourish this growth mindset—that will make you successful in your MBA and applies right into the workforce.† Rosey Singh,  Hult MBA Class of 2017 Opportunities for women in business Gender equality and inclusivity becoming policy For many of forward-thinking organizations, gender equality is becoming a matter of policy, whether it’s committing to equal representation of women in the boardroom or hiring diversity officers. Discouraging and circumventing bias through hiring policy can help organizations to reap the benefits of balance and equality. Rather than political correctness or buzzwords, if diversity, inclusiveness, and gender equality become policy and are embedded in business strategy, businesses thrive. Making a commitment to things like equitable gender representation, inclusive company culture, and work-life balance—including maternity and paternity benefits—also help organizations to attract top talent. These are a few reasons why companies like Salesforce, General Electric, and Deloitte are cited as excellent places for both women and men to work. Entrepreneurship as the path to leadership For a growing number of women, the fastest route to the c-suite is launching their own business. In the United States, the number women-owned businesses have increased 74% over the past 20 years—1.5 times the national average. Today’s start-up culture empowers women to be their own boss and pay their own salary, defining how they want to work and making the balance of career and family life easier. Entrepreneurship presents a path for women to close the pay gap and rise to leadership positions, on their own terms. Running their own company also offers the opportunity for women to collaborate with and hire other ambitious, like-minded women, fostering a new generation of women in leadership roles. Strengthening credentials with a business degree To stand out in a competitive job market, many women hone the knowledge and expertise they need through a business degree. The number of women enrolling in business school is steadily on the rise. Whether it’s undergraduate study, an MBA, EMBA, or Masters degree, business school offers a valuable platform for women to become subject-matter experts, practice leadership skills, and gain the confidence they need to step into the boardroom. Business school is also an invaluable networking opportunity and a chance to meet mentors in fellow students, professors, and campus speakers. A mentor can offer industry advice and serve as a sounding board for new ideas. Mentors can also become important career sponsors, offering professional opportunities and helping ambitious and talented women to take their next step up the career ladder. â€Å"The biggest thing I left my MBA with, beyond the hard skills, was this better sense of confidence in myself. Business school was so much more than learning about finance and accounting. It can be intimidating when you’re one of the only women in the room at a work meeting. I have a lot more confidence when I’m in those situations now.† Justine Stacey, Hult MBA Class of 2016 At Hult International Business School, empowering women to lead in business is high on our agenda. We offer courses focused on gender equality and leadership, an active Women in Business club, as well as on-campus events and seminars, discussing, inspiring, and celebrating women in business. Each year we’re proud to award scholarships to attract and support the promising women business leaders of tomorrow. Find out more about the programs we offer. Tessa Misiaszek is Associate Dean for Hults Boston campus and Professor of International Marketing and Entrepreneurship. Tessa previously served as the CEO of Empathetics, run a number of startups, and worked as a consultant for Korn/Ferry International. Justine Stacey is an alum of Hults MBA program. Before earning her MBA, Justine spent several years working as an advocate for women’s health and empowerment around the world as VP for Girl’s Globe. Now, Justine is a marketing strategy manager for a leading financial company. Rosey Singh is a current MBA student at Hult. She has worked in the banking industry for 10 years and is the current president and co-founder of the Gender Equality in Leadership Club on Hults San Francisco campus. Hult contributing blogger Katie Reynolds is a freelance writer based in London. Originally from Michigan in the U.S., she relocated to the U.K. in 2010 to pursue a masters degree at Hertford College, Oxford. Today, she writes on topics including business, higher education, healthcare, and culture. Hult offers a range of highly skills-focused and employability-driven business school programs including a range of MBA options and a comprehensive one year Masters in International Business. To find out more, take a look at our blog A Way Up for Women in Business. Download a brochure or get in touch today to find out how Hult can help you to learn about the business world, the future, and yourself. Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Hult Rotation offers you a chance to study in a truly global way. Our rotation program allows you to study and be immersed in some of the finest cities in the world. 📠¸: @jasminmanzano . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . Each year, Hult seeks to enroll a talented and ambitious incoming class from all over the world. We look for diverse students with a wide range of experiences, perspectives, and interests—students who will thrive in our unique educational atmosphere. Are you ready for a truly global experience? 📠¸: @iambrunadiniz . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . We’re excited to start 2020 on a ranking high! Hult is proud to have been placed #28 in Poets Quants 2020 rankings for Best Undergraduate Business Schools in the US. Taking a huge leap of 32 places from our 2019 position, we’re also very happy to have secured top positions in key categories like: life-changing experience, practicality of the degree, and global immersion. . With five global campuses, a student body of over 130 nationalities, and a learn-by-doing approach—Hult offers a student experience like no other. . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . â€Å"I’m from an engineering background and needed a whole new skill set for the industry I wanted to switch to. I learned a lot about myself and how I deal with being out of my comfort zone. I learned both soft and hard skills, from how to work in very diverse teams to key accounting metrics and strategy. I was surprised by how weak I was at certain tasks in English or how strong I actually was in other areas. Hult gave me opportunities to try new things and meet people from places I never thought I would have friends. . My internship experiences gave me the chance to broaden my view of different cultures and different companies. I had the opportunity to work and live with people whose values differed from people in my home country. I thought that this would be difficult, but it gave me the chance to reflect on my own values and assess if they were a result of my home country environment or if they were intrinsically mine. . Diederick ter Kulve (@diederick.terkulve) Netherlands Masters in International Business . Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021 Say a big hello to our Bachelor of Business Administration program cover star, Elisa Orus Plana âÅ" ¨ . â€Å"I’m excited for the future—especially that I cant predict whats going to happen. Maybe Ill end up in Mexico working for a trading company or maybe in Africa, developing my own business. Everything is possible, and the options are constantly changing. I love the idea that Im never going to be stuck doing the same job until the end of my life if I dont want it to be like this. . Hult really supports me and my ambitions and truly believes that we deserve to be considered as professionals as well as students. Here, I get to express not just my opinions but all elements of myself. From my creative side with the Fashion Society to my finance and business sides in Trading Club and the Management Consulting Club. We get a different type of learning here. Not just essential knowledge and theory, but practical skills and mindset. The school is always evolving. We’re encouraged to innovate and to always look for new ways of doing traditional things. We learn how to be more confident and become aware of how we can impact our environment. The school aims to help you become a better version of yourself and to stand out from the crowd.â€Å" . Elisa Orus Plana French Bachelor of Business Administration Class of 2021"> During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. During the final days of 2019, you probably reflected on what you’ve accomplished this year—and even this decade—and what you’d like to achieve in 2020. Let us know in the comments below. â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"The first time we did group work on the program, I went head-to-head with a colleague. It taught me a lot about how I see people, how people see me, and how conflict can be resolved in a kind and productive way. The best feedback you get, when delivered constructively, is the most critical because it really feeds into how you lead. I’ve completely reversed my leadership style—the result is so much richer and more powerful when you lead from behind and lead with strength. . Studying in tandem with working, whilst challenging, gave me the perfect platform to directly apply learning concepts into my business environment, the competitive landscape, and the real-estate industry as a whole. When I started the program, I was very happy in my corporate role. But my courage and aspirations grew to the point that I took on a whole new direction. Having my career coach, Joanna, as a sounding board allowed me to really be strategic and get to know myself. She coached me thro ugh all the interviews, the research, and the questions. It went in parallel with what I was doing academically and after six months everything just clicked. . I went into the EMBA knowing I had nothing to lose and I’ve come out with everything. Great strength, global friends, amazing learning, mentors from professors, a job I love, and the knowledge that I can set my mind to achieve anything and with the right support and resources I’ll get there.† . Kashani Wijetunga British, New Zealand Sri Lankan Associate Director Senior Strategy Consultant CBRE EMBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . â€Å"It was now or never. I knew that I’d have likely stayed in my neighborhood for years to come if I didn’t take this opportunity. I’d not lived or studied outside of the U.S. before. So I left my job as a global strategist at an advertising agency and moved halfway around the world. I’ve come back a more culturally aware, well-versed person. I’ve realized that everything is a learning experience and an opportunity for growth. Ill definitely carry this mindset with me into the future. Technology and social media allow us to be different people in several places at once. Im excited to see how I can establish myself in whatever city Ill be lucky enough to call home and still maintain deep connections with people all over the world. I’m inspired by my classmates every day. Hearing some of their life stories and how getting this degree fits into their greater mission has been very humbling. My biggest challenge has been finding the ‘right’ path for me. There have been rooms Ive felt like I shouldnt be in, but now Im proud to feel as though I truly belong, wherever I am.† . Dwayne Logan, Jnr. American MBA Class of 2019 . Happy New Year, Hultians! . Happy New Year, Hultians! .

The Character Crook from Steinbecks Novel Essay - 1222 Words

The extract I have chosen is from the beginning of chapter four and stretches from page 71 to page 73. This extract gives a detailed description of Crooks, his room and his possessions. The extract I have chosen is from the beginning of chapter four and stretches from page 71 to page 73. This extract gives a detailed description of Crooks, his room and his possessions. The entrance of Lennie into Crooks ´ room and the development of their relationship throughout the scene is shown. At the beginning of the extract Lennie is not welcomed into Crooks ´ room, but at the end they begin to befriend each other. I chose this extract because it provides us with excellent examples of descriptions, dialogue, themes, relationships and†¦show more content†¦This is illustrated by the extensive detailing of Crooks ´ crooked spine, his deep black wrinkles and pain-tightened lips. The reader sympathises with Crooks because he is physically inept and suffers silently. Due to years of loneliness, Crooks is a private man and so was very annoyed when Lennie interrupted him whilst applying liniment to his back; this was a private act of a private man. If you guys would want a hand to work for nothing-just his keep, why I ´d come an ´ lend a hand. I ain ´t so crippled I can ´t work like a son-of-a-bitch if I want to, is an example of Crooks ´ loneliness as he proposes to work for George and Lennie if they buy a ranch of their own. He tries to reassure Lennie that he can still work hard despite his disability. He wants to join George and Lennie ´s dream to counteract his loneliness. This is emphasised by the fact that he is willing to work for just a bed and some food and go without wages. They say I stink. Well, I tell you, you all of you stink to me, is a possible reference to Carlson ´s remark about Candy ´s dog. This gives the impression that the general idea within the ranch is that Crooks is inferior to the others. This suggests that Steinbeck thinks that some black people feel the same way about white people as some white people feel about black people. Steinbeck uses Of Mice and Men ´ to portray issues which he feels strongly aboutShow MoreRelatedComparison Between of Mice and Men Novel Movie Essay787 Words   |  4 Pagesthe original version and the more recent film adaptation of John Steinbeck’s majorly successful novel, Of Mice and Men, the apparency of differences between the two is at times subtle while also being very obvious during different portions of the movie. In the film there are several major differences between the movie and the book with three being particularly apparent. We are shown the differences through the portrayals of char acters, Lennie’s sanity and, simply, the scenes themselves. When watchingRead MoreOf Mice And Men Isolation1219 Words   |  5 Pagesexpress themselves to, however, that is a misconception. There are many who suffer from the pain that isolation brings forth. In addition, there are several divisions in society that cause an emptiness in certain individuals. In society, categories such as race, gender, age, and even the lack of intelligence are all reasons behind isolation’s occurrence. The idea of isolation is further explained in John Steinbeck’s 1937 novel, Of Mice and Men, and in â€Å"Alone†, composed by the artist, I Prevail, in 2016Read MoreJohn Steinbeck: An American Writer During the Great Depression1315 Words   |  6 Pages1. Introduction During the 1920s and 1930s, USA was suffering from a terrible economic downturn-the Great Depression. It was also a boom period of literature creation and many well-known writers emerged in that special historical time. Because of the difficult situations, American writers turned their focus to social problems and issues. They were motivated to arouse sympathy for the suffering of common people, especially those at the very bottom of the society. (Wang, 2012) John Steinbeck (1902-1968)Read MoreCurleys Wife Loneliness Analysis859 Words   |  4 Pagesthem at some point in their lives. As we feel lonely, we feel the impact and must react some way to cope with the feeling and feel better with ourselves. As seen in John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men, the devastating impact of loneliness on human beings is demonstrated through Curley’s Wife, Crooks, and Candy. Throughout the novel, Curley’s wife is used as a model of loneliness in order to show the impact of loneliness and isolation on the human mind. For example, she shows her desperation for attentionRead MoreOf Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck842 Words   |  4 Pagessecluded while working. Men would go far away from their families in search of any jobs they could get, with only themselves to confide in; colleagues only filling in the void of friends and family partially. Naturally, John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men, written during this period, would reflect this fact as a major aspect of the story. Loneliness would become the sinew of Of Mice and Men, manifested in some of the story’s main characters: Candy, Crooks, and Curley’s wife. These allusions to lonelinessRead MoreThe American Dream1179 Words   |  5 PagesSet during the gruelling Great Depression of the 1930’s, John Steinbeck’s touching novella Of Mice and Men focuses on the w orking class of America and two men, George Milton and Lennie Small, as they work on a ranch in hopes of owning their own land. Set in the dusty town of Soledad, California, Steinbeck’s classic characters offer a parable about what it means to be human. George and Lennies ambition of owning their own ranch, and the obstacles that stand in the way of that ambition, reveal theRead MoreArchetypes In John Steinbecks Of Mice And Men838 Words   |  4 Pagesinnocent. Archetypes are characteristics of easy or well-known traits from children’s literature, pop culture, or even everyday life, they help the readers connect with the characters quickly and accurately. Lennie’s archetype is innocent because he is always so caring to others. He is also taken advantage of a lot. Lennie is always so positive even when the hardest situations are thrown at him. In John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men novel Lennie Smalls archetype is portrayed as innocent because he is soRead M oreHow Does Steinbeck Create the Theme of Insecurity in the Novel?1574 Words   |  7 PagesWrite about: †¢ Why some characters feel insecure †¢ How language contributes to a sense of the characters’ insecurity †¢ How the settings contribute to a sense of insecurity †¢ Other features which create a sense of insecurity You must: †¢ Explore how Steinbeck creates a sense of insecurity through the presentation of insecure characters, eg through: Lennie, Crooks and Curley’s wife †¢ Look at language/settings, eg the situation of Curley’s wife and how she feels about Curley and her life on the ranchRead MoreThe American Dream in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Essay1430 Words   |  6 Pagesobstacles and beating all odds to one day be successful. This subject is the predominant theme in John Steinbeck’s novel. This is a novel of defeated hope and the harsh reality of the American dream. Steinbeck’s naturalistic and unrefined style of writing is helpful because of its ability to connect with his readers. The most important dream in this novel is that of the two main characters Lennie and George. They are poor, homeless, migrant workers who although their dream is essentially theRead More Of Mice and Men’ is a novel about people. Are there too many3038 Words   |  13 PagesOf Mice and Men’ is a novel about people. Are there too many cripples, misfits and unusual characters in the novel to consider Steinbeck’s portrayal as true life? Steinbeck’s novel is based on ordinary people during the American Depression. Steinbeck has an understanding of how migrant workers were and how it was as he had his childhood in California near Salinas Valley. During the period in which the novel was wrote was written migrant workers went from ranch to ranch working for money

Deterrence And Its Effect On Society - 845 Words

Deterrence Joni Montoya South University Online Justice. Deterrence starts in childhood. A parent punishes a child for doing something forbidden and the child learns that doing this thing will have bad consequences. When one person or persons attempt to sway the decision of another with the menace of punishment more threatening than the gains, this is deterrence (Coleman, 2002). Deterrence is defined as the punishment of socially undesirable behavior as a means of future prevention (Coleman, 2002). The driving force behind deterrence is the fear of punishment. Deterrence is part of the Classical theory (South University Online, 2014). Classical theory states that criminals have free will and make a deliberate decision to commit a crime. Classical theory has been around since ancient times. Society has always had rules and punishments. The concept behind classical theory is that persons will avoid criminal behavior because of the negative consequences (What, 2014). The role that the family plays is that the family teaches the children how to behave in society and what will happen if they deviate from correct and proper behavior. Deterrence causes an individual to decide whether the gains from the inappropriate behavior outweigh the losses. For example, a bank robber needs to decide whether the gain, thousands of dollars, outweighs the loss, years in prison. Deterrence wins if the robber decides not to rob the bank because for fear ofShow MoreRelatedGeneral Deterrence And Its Effect On Society1503 Words   |  7 PagesIt is estimated that general deterrence aims at making the offender to think twice before violating the law, because the physical and psychological pain that the offender will get through the action do not equate with the benefits of doing that action. Also, the general deterrence means that amount of penalties impose on the offender will stop others and deter them from committing crimes and prevents others form even thinking to commit the crime. That is because the human psyche is always tendingRead MoreJustification And Justification Of The Penal System1171 Words   |  5 PagesRetribution assigns a punishment that is appropriate to the crime, which is ideal in punishing criminals whereas general deterrence works to persuade society to obey the law, and specific deterrence work. From the variety of utilitarian justifications of punishment, retribution is the most convincing as its theoretical goals are sustained through societies, whereas general and specific deterrence cannot be justified on their own, as they do not match with retribution. For retributionists, punishment is backwardRead MoreEssay Deterrence Theory of Crime1021 Words   |  5 PagesDeterrence theory of crime is a method in which punishment is used to dissuade people from committing crimes. There are two types of deterrence: general and specific. General deterrence is punishment to an individual to stop the society as a whole from committing crimes. In other word, it is using the punishment as an example to â€Å"scare† society from precipitating in criminal acts. Under general deterrence, publicity is a major part of deterrence. Crime and their punishments being showing in theRead MoreIs Deterrence Effective And Efficient?1719 Words   |  7 PagesIs Deterrence Effective and Efficient? Joshua A. Barlow Anderson University Abstract I will discuss the nuances of the deterrence theory and whether or not it’s a viable form of preventing crime. The reason we have laws and punishments is to deter people from committing crimes. Deterrence is an inherent concept within criminal law. Many believe that people will commit crimes regardless of deterrence and therefore efforts to deter are in vein. I will delve into Cesare Beccaria’sRead MoreDeterrence And Rational Choice : The Criminal Justice System And Crime Prevention1196 Words   |  5 PagesDeterrence or rational choice, which one is the better, or should I say wiser theory to follow when it comes to the criminal justice system and crime prevention. Using extreme capacitation (Deterrence) can be an effective punishment for many in our society, however, there will still be a small portion of our society that will still commit crimes. The majority of the society would use good-ole common sense (Rational Choice) and not commit crimes in the first place. DISCUSSION: Deterrence and RationalRead MoreCapital Punishment And Its Effect On Society1425 Words   |  6 Pagesreinstated in 1976. Some say that in a free society, capital punishment is an unnecessary form of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of our constitution. Others claim that capital punishment serves the primary purpose of deterring crime and punishing society’s most homicidal offenders. The biggest question when it comes to capital punishment is, is it worth it? Does Capital punishment have a deterrent effect on society? Or does it hurt more than help society? An over whelming majority of researchersRead MoreRelationship Between Police Intervention And Juvenile Delinquency1459 Words   |  6 Pagesdeterring deviance amplification. There are two main theories that initiate America’s juvenile justice system: labeling and deterrence. Essentially, labeling proponents believe that official intervention increases delinquency and, oppositely, deterrence theorists ar gue that it cracks down on deviancy. Wiley et al. (2016:283) want to â€Å"inform this debate by examining the effect of being stopped or arrested on subsequent delinquent behavior and attitudes†. They hypothesize their results to reflect labelingRead MoreCapital Punishment Should Not Be Abolished750 Words   |  3 Pagesmany reasons why the United States of America keeps capital punishment. These reasons include the deterrence theory, the idea of retribution, cost of prisons, and general safety of the public. First of all, I’m sure that you have heard of the deterrence theory. Deterrence is basically the fear of punishment; and even though it doesn’t prevent all crimes, the results are still undeniable. The deterrence theory is when criminals think about the consequences of each crime, they weigh the pros and consRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System And Crime Prevention970 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION: Deterrence or rational choice, which one is the better, or should I say wiser theory to follow when it comes to the criminal justice system and crime prevention. Using extreme capacitation (Deterrence) can be an effective punishment for many in our society, however, there will still be a small portion of our society that will still commit crimes. The majority of the society would use good-ole common sense (Rational Choice) and not commit crimes in the first place. DISCUSSION: Deterrence andRead MoreOutline of the Basic Principles of Sentencing Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesOutline of the Basic Principles of Sentencing Legal system is one of the most important parts of the Government, which directly affects the society and people in the society; as a result, researchers and criticisers have always inspected it. This essay will outline the basic principles of sentencing in United Kingdom. There are five general aims or functions or justifications of punishment in the UK’s legal system, which are: 1. RETRIBUTION Retribution rests

Network - Security and Design Report

Question: Write a report on the network, security and design. Answer: 6.1.2. The task of requirements analysis is the first step in the design of any system, including software systems. Its aim is to clearly identify, understand and record all aspects of the proposed system, including the stakeholders of the system, which can possibly be addressed before development actually begins, including a number of foreseeable contingencies. This process is generally conducted in three broad steps gathering requirements, analyzing requirements, and documenting requirements. Requirements gathering refers to the process of contacting various stakeholders and undergoing rigorous rounds of questioning and probing to accurately gather all the requirements of the project. First, the stakeholders of a project need to be identified. Once all stakeholders are identified, the requirements need to be coaxed out of them. It is important to note that the stakeholders themselves are not considered fully reliable for accurately detailing their requirements, and thus many techn iques need to be employed to infer the actual requirements while eliminating intentional or unintentional fallacies. Of particular note are those cross-functional requirements that can only be identified when multiple stakeholders are allowed to hold a mediated discussion. The list of requirements thus gathered needs to be further analyzed and refined, eliminating redundancies and focusing on core aspects. The goals of the project need to be used to put these requirements into context. Finally, the requirements are arranged into a presentable document which contains such details as clearly outlined goals, project scope, use cases, and other information representation tools that clearly delineate the requirements of the project in an unambiguous, precise manner. 6.1.3 Recommended key stakeholders: the board members, the Chief Executive Office, the Chief Technology Officer, the Chief Information Security Officer, the Chief Finance Officer, the Customer Support Coordinator, the Database Administrator, the Market Research Analyst, the Network System Administrator, and the Legal Advisor. 6.1.4 Should different levels of privileges provided to control access? Can each user have a personal password? Should the security features cover: System access, Feature access, Database field access, Master file changes, Standing data? Should security allow for read and read/write access to be specified separately? Is there a clear indication in the system or manuals as to how the data is backed-up and recovered? If system failure occurs part way through a batch or transaction, should the operator have to re-input the batch or only the transaction being input at the time of the failure? How should the system handle dates - (e.g. 2 digits, 4 digits)? What levels of encryption can be/are required to be applied when transactions or data are passed across the Internet (e.g. 40 bit, 128 bit)? What is the expected operational life-cycle of the system, and how are future updates, replacements or disposal activities to be carried out? What information will the system store, how is it obtained, and how is it to be disposed? What hardware devices will be involved in the system and where will they be located (on-site, off-site)? What level of security will the various hardware devices have? What network protocols will the system be expected to be compatible with? What is the desired infrastructure of the network (LAN, WLAN, VPN, etc.)? What all types of devices will the users of the network require to be able to connect to the network (on-site workstations, personal mobile devices, etc.)? 6.2 Risks, Vulnerabilities and Controls 6.2.1 Denial-of-Service Attacks: These are one of the most malevolent and widespread type of attacks that any organization must guard against. Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks are very easy to launch, difficult to guard against, and can become nearly impossible to trace back to the attacker. The basic idea behind a DoS attack is to flood a network with so many requests for resource allocation that the corresponding requests from those users on the network who need to genuinely utilize those resources cannot gain access to the resources. Thus, a number of network resources and services end up becoming inaccessible to their intended users. Unauthorized Access: This is a broad term that refers to a situation where a network user is able to access network resources that the user should not have been able to access on account of any number of reasons. Typically, this takes the form of sensitive company data being accessed by unauthorized third-parties or malicious users. Alternately, core company resources reserved for special purposes or only usable as per specific guidelines can be inappropriately used if an unauthorized user gains access to them. Spoofing: In these attacks, the identity of a user is stolen in that an attacker is able to conduct actions that may be potentially harmful to the system in some way while masquerading as the user whose identity was stolen. Potentially Unwanted Programs: This is a broad classification of a range of programs that do not necessarily pose a risk to security of a system but can instead result in unwanted consequences for the operation of a business. For instance, joke programs that can cause distractive animations to pop-up on a computer screen can impair productivity and cause a significant loss of time and business for a company while the program is being removed. Zombie Agents: A class of malware called trojans can cause infected systems to become zombie agents slave systems which can be remotely instructed to conduct covert attacks on other systems without the knowledge of the system owner. These are often used for conducting widespread Distributed DoS (DDoS) attacks on organizations, can cause the owners of infected systems to become unwitting accomplices in an attack. 6.2.2 There are two classifications for security controls: according to time of action and according to nature of control. The various types of control classified as per the time of action are: Preventive Control: These come in to action before an incident occurs and are put in place to prevent security incidents from occurring. Detective Control: These controls operate during an incident in progress and are used to identify the incident. Corrective Control: These controls are employed after an incident has occurred and are used for damage control. The classification of controls by their nature is as follows: Physical Controls: These are put in place to protect the physical hardware of the system from security breaches, such as secure housing compounds for servers and databases. Procedural Controls: This refers to security protocols, training manuals, standard operating procedures, and so on that relate to the various personnel involved in or associated with a system and aims to reduce chances of security breach or incidents arising out of the actions of these personnel. Technical Controls: Such controls deal with the technical aspects of how the system is designed and implemented, such as communication protocols, encryption algorithms, access control, etc. Compliance Controls: Examples of such controls are privacy laws, company policies, industry standards, etc. which aim to reduce security risks by ensuring that all vulnerable fronts are covered. 6.2.3 Phishing: A malicious attack in which a person receives communication from a seemingly authentic source such as a bank or insurance company, or the IT department of the victims workplace, requesting details that are otherwise considered personal and sensitive, for example passwords. Once the victim provides this information, the attacker misuses the sensitive information to conduct cyber-crimes. Preventing such attacks requires procedural controls such as effective employee training and awareness, as other control types can offer little help in such cases. In order to mitigate damage due to leaked passwords, organizations should implement strict access control policies to limit the amount of access a compromised user account has. Spyware: Spyware is malware that covertly installs itself on a computer system and monitors activity on the system or network, sending back such data to a malicious attacker or command server where it is analyzed and sensitive/important information is extracted. This information can later be used to conduct various types of cyber-attacks. Spyware installation can be prevented by employing good procedural controls so that employees dont accidentally install it in the first place. Moreover, technical controls such as ad-blockers, firewalls and packet filtering can further reduce the risk of spyware infiltration as well as mitigate damage. Backdoor Viruses: These malware try to infiltrate computer systems by various means, similar to spyware, but instead of passively collecting data they try to actively control the computer systems and use them to conduct various activities, many of which may be illegal such as DDoS attacks, or otherwise harmful to the owner of the system as well as others. Procedural and technical controls both need to be in place to prevent backdoor viruses from infiltrating systems as well as mitigating damage. Data Theft: Data can be literally stolen by stealing away or making illegal copies of the storage media used to store that data, such as backend databases of organizations. Even if the database is secure against any network based attacks, an attacker can still physically access the database and copy it if sufficient physical controls such as security checkpoints, computer surveillance, and locks are not in place. Once data theft occurs, there is little choice for damage mitigation as the theft may not even come into notice until it is too late. Packet Sniffing: It is possible for attackers to secretly intercept data packets used for communication in a network, especially over public networks, and then analyze the data within in order to gain the required information to break through a networks security mechanisms. To prevent this, it is necessary to adopt a number of technical controls such as network security protocols, data encryption and other cryptographic control mechanisms, as well as some procedural controls such as password policies and key management policies. The same controls, if implemented correctly, can double over for mitigation measures. 6.2.4 US-CERT Alerts: https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts Intel Securities (formerly McAfee) Security Bulletin: https://www.mcafee.com/in/threat-center/product-security-bulletins.aspx Symantec Security Response: https://www.symantec.com/security_response/ 6.2.5 A number of researchers and security analysts worldwide are constantly studying various protocols, algorithms, software, platforms, etc. for security vulnerability. Often, a security vulnerability is found by someone and published publically, resulting in the vulnerability becoming known to potential cyber criminals. Thus, there arises a period of risk during which the vulnerability can be exploited since the developer is still working on a security fix and the fix also needs time to be deployed. The period of time between the publication of the vulnerability and the fixing of the vulnerability is referred to as Zero Day. 6.2.6 Security can never be foolproof and the only way to mitigate risk is to constantly revise, update and upgrade security measures. Just as attackers are constantly trying to expose security flaws, security experts must also constantly work to uncover these vulnerabilities before attackers do and then work on a solution. Therefore, keeping the security system up-to-date is the only way to mitigate this risk. 6.3 Incident Detection and Response 6.3.1 As per data obtained from the Australian Law Reform Commission, currently there is no legal provision for mandatory reporting of incidents of data breach imposed on any agency or organization in Australia. The Privacy Act (1988) only imposes a requirement for agencies to take reasonable steps to safeguard any personal information they hold. The Australian Government has, however, recently invited public comment and recommendations for a bill that encompasses mandatory reporting of data breaches by organizations. 6.3.2 A generic procedure based on the given set of procedures can be derived and summarized into 6 steps, as follows: Preparation: For any given threat, it is necessary to gather all possible information on how the threat affects the system. Using this information, gather data about the system to be secured and identify the points at which various security measures need to be employed depending on the task of prevention, control, or damage mitigation. Identification: Counter-measures for a threat can only be taken after the threat has been completely identified, which includes the scope, targets, intentions, and victims of the attack or threat. In order to accomplish this, a number of sources of information should be consulted and the data compiled for analysis. Containment: In order to reduce the damage a threat or attack can cause, it is necessary to quarantine or isolate it. The exact details of this process are slightly dependent on the type of threat, but the overall procedure is the same compartmentalize the threat and ensure that it cannot affect more sub-systems than it already has. Remediation: Once a threat has been isolated, it can be removed from the system according to the nuances of the threat itself. Some threats can be removed simply by deleting the source files of the threat or applying security fixes to the platform or network, while others require detailed and careful repair of system files along with removal of malicious code. Recovery: Resume normal operation of the system in an organized, controlled manner, making sure that all system dependencies and sub-systems are working correctly and no artefacts of the threat or its mitigation measures have been left. Aftermath: Document the details of the threat, such as attack vectors, damage report, recovery measures, threat response, etc. in order to ensure that security can be upgraded to prevent future attacks of a similar nature. 6.4Security Baseline Penetration Testing: This is a type of testing technique employed to check the robustness of the security measures placed on a system by assuming the role of a malicious attacker and trying to breach the security system, all the time keeping track of the actions taken and the system response. Penetration testing is generally conducted after a security system is deemed to have been completely installed, as a final check before deployment. Penetration testing may be conducted by the same team as that which designed the security system or a separate team of specialists. It may also be conducted as either a white box test or a black box test. Penetration tests may attempt cycle through a number of attack vectors and combine low risk vulnerabilities, in order to test the scalability, automated response, and detection capability of the security system as well as document operational impact of breaches and test the need for additional investment in security. Online Auditing: Auditing in the network security sense refers to activities such as control assessment and risk assessment which aim to keep track of the changes in a system and provide management with sufficient information about the system to make various decisions, such as detection of an active threat or a network security breach. Online auditing refers to the application of remote administration and automation technology to shift this task to a continuous background process so that the relevant information is collected and processed continuously without affecting the actual operation of the system. Online auditing systems work to provide information in real-time or almost real-time. Of course, auditing is not limited to network security vulnerabilities and can be extended to record almost any sort of information for the organizations internal purposes. 6.5.1 Three potential product and configuration security vulnerabilities: Cross Site Scripting (XSS): https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cross-site_Scripting_%28XSS%29 This is for the setup of the OWASP structure with the inclusion of the cross site scripting structure. Remote File Inclusion (RFI): https://projects.webappsec.org/w/page/13246955/Remote%20File%20Inclusion The inclusion of the projects for the webappsec with handling all the remote standards. Local File Inclusion (LFI): https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Testing_for_Local_File_Inclusion These are for the handling of the Owasp with proper testing of the local file structural setup. Best practices: https://sucuri.net/website-firewall/stop-website-attacks-and-hacks The attacks are based on the stopping of the website with the hacking setup. Alternate products: Apache Server: apache.org/ FileZilla Server: https://filezilla-project.org/ Lighttpd Server: https://www.lighttpd.net/ They are better because they are open source and more security measures are available. They are also available for all the platform and not just Windows. Proposed changes: Upgradation of system Firewall installation Removal of server from DMZ Check for more robust software Possible installation of a platform independent system 6.5.2 Three potential product and configuration security vulnerabilities: DoS: digitalattackmap.com/understanding-ddos/ These are for handling the digital mapping as well as understanding the data value. Buffer Overflow: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Buffer_Overflow The overflow of the buffer rate is set under the owasp system with the hold of the different structural setups. Data corruption: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/14680/data-corruption The data corruption has been directed to the techopedia standard with the hold of the different security features. Best Practices: https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/tip/FTP-security-best-practices-for-the-enterprise Alternate products: SmartFTP: https://www.smartftp.com/ CuteFTP: cuteftp.com/products.aspx Globalescape: https://www.globalscape.com/ They are better because they are open source and more security measures are available. They are also available for all the platform and not just Windows. Proposed changes: Encryption in file transfer Use of more robust system Possible use of platform independent system Use of a dedicated file server Updating the current system 6.5.3 Three potential product and configuration security vulnerabilities: Buffer Overflow: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Buffer_Overflow Cache Poisoning: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cache_Poisoning DoS: digitalattackmap.com/understanding-ddos/ Best Practices: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc959288.aspx Alternate products: Google DNS: https://code.google.com/speed/public-dns/ OpenDNS: https://www.opendns.com/ Advantage DNS: https://www.dnsadvantage.com/ They are better because they are open source and more security measures are available. They are also available for all the platform and not just Windows. Proposed changes: Change of standalone server to a web server Addition of external domain name to all servers to make it accessible Updating the current system Use of platform independent system Use of authorization in server 6.5.4 Three potential product and configuration security vulnerabilities: Email Injection: https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/email-injection/ Malware: pctools.com/security-news/what-is-malware/ Spamming: https://spam.abuse.net/overview/whatisspam.shtml Best practices: getvero.com/resources/guides/email-marketing-best-practices/ Alternate products: Claws Mail: https://www.claws-mail.org/ Thunderbird: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/ Zimbra Desktop: https://www.zimbra.com/products/desktop.html They are better because they are open source and more security measures are available. They are also available for all the platform and not just Windows. Proposed changes: Outlook is bulky, and hence, more lighter and robust system should be used. The server should be placed in a secure zone. The web access should be made through dedicated email server. Open source client should be used. Platform independent client should be used. 6.5.5 Three potential product and configuration security vulnerabilities: DoS: https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2005-3673/ Heap based buffer overflow: https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2004-0699/ Buffer overflow: https://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2004-0469/ Best practices: cisco.com/c/en/us/about/security.../firewall-best-practices.html Alternate products: GlassWire: https://www.glasswire.com/ TinyWall: https://tinywall.pados.hu/ Gufw: https://gufw.org/ They are better because they are open source and more security measures are available. They are also available for all the platform and not just Windows. Proposed changes: Use of same firewall across all system and network. Use of open source system. Use of platform independent system. 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